an elevated plaza in Brazil with stone statues and palm trees

What are the demonstrative adjectives and pronouns in Brazilian Portuguese?

By: Ana Amélia Rodrigues dos Santos Thu Sep 18 2025
Brazilian portuguese
Determiners, Pronouns

Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns are words like esse(s)(this, these) and aquele(s)(that, those) in Brazilian Portuguese. They are used to situate or point to a in time and space. For example:

  • essa semana

    this week

  • aquela cadeira

    that chair

In the examples above, essa and aquela are demonstrative , which means they are used alongside a noun. Demonstrative pronouns, on the other hand, are used to replace a noun. Both demonstrative pronouns and demonstrative adjectives in Brazilian Portuguese in and with the noun they modify or replace.

In this post, we’ll look at the different demonstratives and their forms, their different uses), and other words that can function as demonstratives or appear alongside them. Aren’t you curious to know how demonstratives work? Let’s start!

What are the demonstrative adjectives and pronouns in Brazilian Portuguese?

In Brazilian Portuguese, the demonstrative adjectives and pronouns are:

  • este, estes, esta, estas, isto

    this/these (close to the person speaking)

  • esse, esses, essa, essas, isso

    that/those (close to the person being spoken to)

  • aquele, aqueles, aquela, aquelas, aquilo

    that/those (in some other location)

Notice that Brazilian Portuguese has two forms of “that,” one to point to something that is close to the person you are speaking with, and one that is in any other location!

These words can refer to proximity in space, or proximity in time. For example:

  • Este livro é meu.

    This book is mine.

    space
  • Aquela época era boa.

    That time was good.

    time

They can even refer to proximity in conversation:

Desejo sinceramente isto: que seja muito feliz.

I sincerely wish this: that you are very happy.

new in the conversation

But how do you know which form of the demonstrative adjective or pronoun to use? Follow the table below!

Meaning
Variable Forms
Invariable
Masculine
Feminine
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural

this / these

(close to speaker)

este
estes
esta
estas
isto

that / those

(close to addressee)

esse
esses
essa
essas
isso

that / those

(other location)

aquele
aqueles
aquela
aquelas
aquilo

As you can see, each demonstrative has both a variable and an invariable form.

We’ll see more about when to use these invariable demonstrative pronouns later in the post!

Important

When they are used after , s will often form contractions. For example:

em(in) + este(this) = neste(in this)

Check out this list of contractions between prepositions and demonstratives to see the forms!

Demonstrative adjectives vs. demonstrative pronouns

Here is the difference between a demonstrative pronoun and a demonstrative adjective in Brazilian Portuguese:

  • Demonstrative pronouns

    Demonstrative pronouns can take the place of a noun and appear alone. Variable demonstrative pronouns, however, must still agree in gender and number with the noun they replace.

    demonstrative pronoun

    O meu filho é aquele.

    My son is that one.

    aquele replaces o meu filho

    Este é o primeiro passo do bebê.

    This is the first step of the baby.

    este replaces o primeiro passo

    In the first example, the demonstrative pronoun aquele(that) replaces the noun filho(son), and, in the second example, este(this) replaces the noun passo(step).

  • Demonstrative adjectives

    Demonstrative adjectives accompany, determine, and modify a noun.

    demonstrative adjectivenoun

    Aquela jaqueta preta é minha.

    That black jacket is mine.

    Quem trouxe este livro aqui?

    Who brought this book here?

Tip

Remember that the invariable demonstratives (isto, isso, aquilo) are only used as pronouns! So, in these cases, you’ll always know that you’re using a demonstrative pronoun.

How to use demonstratives in Brazilian Portuguese?

So now that we know that demonstratives can function as adjectives or pronouns, let’s talk a bit more about when to use each type of demonstrative.

  • Este, estes, esta, estas, isto

    These are called “first-person forms” because they indicate proximity to the speaker (or writer), as in:

    Esta mulher ao meu lado é minha esposa.

    This woman beside me is my wife.

    In this example, I am using the demonstrative esta(this) because I am referring to a mulher(woman) who is close to me in space. In addition to space, these demonstratives can also indicate the present time in relation to the speaker or writer.

    Estou sempre animado nestas primeiras horas do dia.

    I am always excited in these early hours of the day.

    nestas = em(in) + estas(these)
  • Esse, esses, essa, essas, isso

    These are called “second-person forms” because they indicate proximity in space to the person to whom one speaks or writes (the “addressee”).

    Essa blusa na sua mão é minha ou sua?

    Is that shirt in your hand mine or yours?

    These forms can also indicate a past or future time in relation to the time in which the speaker is placed.

    • Passei essa noite inteira acordado.

      I spent that whole night awake.

    • Esse ano faremos tudo diferente.

      This year we will do everything differently.

    Tip

    In informal spoken or written language, it is common to see the first-person (este, estes, esta, estas, isto) and second-person forms (esse, esses, essa, essas, isso) of the demonstratives being used interchangeably.

  • Aquele, aqueles, aquela, aquelas, aquilo

    These are called the “third-person forms” because they mark a position close to the person being spoken of or a position distant from where the conversation is taking place.

    Aqueles dois rapazes são vizinhos.

    Those two boys are neighbors.

    These forms can also be used to refer to a remote time.

    Naquele tempo, eu costumava nadar toda a semana.

    At that time, I used to swim every day.

    naquele = em(at) + aquele(that)
  • Isto, isso, aquilo

    In terms of meaning, isto is a first-person form (close to speaker), isso is a second-person form (close to addressee), while aquillo is a third-person form (distant). But these forms are different because they can only be pronouns and they do not change their forms.

    Invariable demonstratives are generally used to talk about something you don’t know the name of (and therefore, you don’t know if the word is masculine or feminine, plural or singular), refer more directly to something, or to talk about ideas and situations in an abstract form.

    • Eu achei isso na rua.

      I found this in the street.

      unknown item: close to me
    • Isto é meu.

      This is mine.

      pointing to an item: not in reach
    • Não consegui compreender aquilo.

      I could not comprehend that.

      abstract idea

Other words that work as demonstratives in Brazilian Portuguese

There are a handful of words that can be used instead of este, esse, aquele and their variants to function as demonstratives:

  • Definite articles o, a, os, as(the)

    The definite articles o, a, os, as(the) work as demonstratives when they are placed before the relative pronouns que(that, what) and qual(which). In this case, the definite article is used instead of the demonstratives aquele(s), aquela(s), aquilo(that/those).

    • Eu adoro o que eles fazem.

      I love what they do.

    • Eu adoro aquilo que eles fazem.

      I love that thing they do.

  • Mesmo and próprio

    The words mesmo(s), mesma(s)(-self) and próprio(s), própria(s)(-self) can also work as demonstratives. In this case, mesmo and próprio are not replacing an existing demonstrative as much as having a demonstrative function in the sentence.

    • Ela mesma resolveu o assunto.

      She solved the matter herself.

    • Foram os próprios jogadores que organizaram o jogo.

      It was the players themselves who organized the game.

    Though, in English, we use a to create this sort of meaning (“herself,” “themselves”), the meaning is really to reinforce or point to the specific subject, which is a job generally performed by a demonstrative.

    Notice the position of these words in relation to the personal pronoun or noun they are referring to:

    • mesma is placed after the subject pronoun ela to create the meaning of “she (herself)”

    • próprios is placed before the subject pronoun jogadores to mean “the players themselves”

    Also, these words agree in gender (masculine and feminine) and number (singular and plural) with the pronouns/nouns they are referring to.

  • Tal and semelhante

    The words tal, tais(such) and semelhante(s)(similar) can function as demonstratives when they refer to a noun that was previously mentioned. Here, a demonstrative could also work in place oftal or semelhante.

    • Não utilize semelhante exemplo. (aquele exemplo)

      Do not use a similar example. (that example)

    • Devemos rever nossas atitudes em tais circunstâncias. (nessas circunstâncias)

      We must review our attitudes in such circumstances. (in these circumstances)

Words that typically accompany the demonstrative

Adverbs of place and words like mesmo/próprio(same) and outro(other) are frequently used alongside demonstratives in Brazilian Portuguese. These accompanying words reinforce the meanings of the demonstratives and help to situate something or someone in space.

  • Adverbs of place

    Some adverbs of place can be used together with demonstratives in order to make clear where something or someone is: aqui(here), (over there), ali(there), (there).

    Isto aqui não é meu.

    This (thing) here is not mine.

    Each adverb of place can be used with a specific demonstrative pronoun, as the table below shows.

    Demonstrative
    Adverb of Space

    este, estes, esta, estas, isto

    aqui

    here

    pointing to somebody or something close to the person speaking

    esse, esses, essa, essas, isso

    there

    pointing to somebody or something close to the person being spoken to

    aquele, aqueles, aquela, aquelas, aquilo

    ali, lá

    there

    pointing to somebody or something close to the person being spoken of
  • Other words

    Some other words, such as mesmo/próprio(same), outro(other), and their variations, can also be used together with demonstrative pronouns to emphasize their meanings.

    Speaker A:

    Você quer que eu pegue essa mochila?

    Do you want me to take this backpack?

    Speaker B:

    Sim, esta mesma/própria.

    Yes, this one.

    Earlier, we saw that mesmo/próprio and their variants can be used alone to function as demonstratives in order to emphasize personal pronouns or nouns in the sentence. Here, these same words are used alongside demonstrative pronouns (esta mesma/esta própria) to emphasize the demonstrative pronoun instead.

In summary

In this post, we talked about the demonstratives in Brazilian Portuguese, their definitions, and how to use them. Take a look at the table below for a review.

Demonstrative pronouns
Person
Space
Time
este, estes esta, estas, isto

relation to 1st person

proximity to the speaker or writer

the present time in relation to the speaker or writer

esse, esses, essa, essas, isso

relation to 2nd person

proximity in space to the person to whom one speaks or writes

past or future time in relation to the time in which the speaker is placed

aquele, aqueles, aquela, aquelas, aquilo

relation to 3rd person

position close to the person being spoken of or a position distant from the two interlocutors

remote time

We also saw that some words can be used as demonstratives in certain situations: o, a, os, as(the) and mesmo/próprio(-self). In this case, these words situate something or somebody in time and space, just as demonstratives do:

Eu mesma consertei a bicicleta.

I fixed the bike myself.

Finally, we saw certain words that often accompany demonstratives, such as aqui, aí, ali(here, there), mesmo/próprio(same), and outro(other), which are used to reinforce the meanings of the demonstratives.

Are you ready now to practice using demonstratives in Brazilian Portuguese?

To embark on your next language adventure, join Mango on social!

Ready to take the next step?

The Mango Languages learning platform is designed to get you speaking like a local quickly and easily.

Mango app open on multiple devices