Study Resource: List of subordinating conjunctions in German
Subordinating Conjunctions of Time
German | English |
|---|---|
als | when (for non-repeating past) |
bevor | before |
bis | until |
ehe | before |
nachdem | after |
seit | since |
seitdem | since |
sobald | as soon as |
solange (wie) | as long as |
sooft | as often as |
während | while |
währenddessen | while |
wenn | when (for present or future and repeated events in the past) |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Reason
German | English |
|---|---|
da | since, as |
weil | because |
weshalb | which is why |
weswegen | which is why |
zumal | especially as |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Condition
German | English |
|---|---|
falls | if |
insofern als (dass) | inasmuch as |
so (... denn) | if |
sobald | once, as soon as |
sofern | provided that |
soweit | as far as |
wenn | if |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Contrast
German | English |
|---|---|
anstatt dass | instead of |
anstatt zu (+ infinitive) | instead of |
auch wenn | even though |
gleichwohl | although |
obgleich | although, albeit |
obschon | although, albeit |
obwohl | although, even though |
obzwar | although, albeit |
selbst wenn | even if |
statt dass | instead of |
trotzdem → stress on dem | even though |
während | while, whereas |
wenn auch | even though |
wenngleich … auch | even though |
wiewohl | although |
wobei | taking into account that |
wohingegen | whereas |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Purpose
German | English |
|---|---|
damit | so that |
sodass | so that |
um … zu (+ infinitive) | in order to |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Complement
German | English |
|---|---|
dass | that |
ob | whether, if |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Comparison
German | English |
|---|---|
je | the more |
umso | all the more |
Subordinating Conjunctions of Modality
German | English |
|---|---|
als ob | as if |
als wenn | as though |
indem | by (doing) |
ohne dass | without |
ohne zu (+ infinitive) | without |
so dass | so much that |
so viel (auch) | however much |
wie | how |
wie wenn | as if |
Indirect Questions
German | English |
|---|---|
bis wann | until when |
wann | when (what time or day) |
warum | why |
weshalb | why |
wo | where |
wobei | whereby |
wodurch | in what way |
wofür | what for |
wogegen | against what |
woher | where from |
wohin | where to |
womit | with what |
wonach | after what |
woneben | next to which |
woran | where at |
worauf | whereupon |
worin | wherein |
worunter | under which |
wovon | what from |
wovor | before what |
wozu | what for |
wozwischen | between which |
